noun. The point at which an orbiting object is closest to the center of mass of the body it is orbiting.

noun. The point of a body's elliptical orbit about the system's centre of mass where the distance between the body and the centre of mass is at its minimum.

noun. (astronomy) the point in an orbit closest to the body being orbited

"For mean anomaly, I found that 359.4 degrees works well enough periapsis, which is perihelion, is ~in mid 2012; it is "among" the outer planets by approx 1992."

celestial point  

perigee  perihelion  perijove  perilune  periselene  

300-meter  5-mile  casualty-producing  drought-fueled  fifty-mile