noun. Commissioned work, such as writing or acting, done usually by formula and in conformance with commercial standards.

noun. Tedious, monotonous, or uninteresting work of any kind.

noun. Work, usually of a professional nature, either repetitive or done to a formula.

noun. professional work done according to formula

"John Scalzi on media tie-ins: "The assumption that tie-in novels are all hackwork is just that, an assumption ...""

labor  labour  toil  

VC  andready  browbeating  business  carreer