noun. 
                    A standard dimension, quantity, or capacity, as.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    The distance between the two rails of a railroad.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    The distance between two wheels on an axle.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    The interior diameter of a shotgun barrel as determined by the number of lead balls of a size exactly fitting the barrel that are required to make one pound. Often used in combination.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    The thickness or diameter of sheet metal, wire, or a similar manufactured material or piece.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    The fineness of knitted cloth as measured by the number of stitches per a given unit of length.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    A standard or scale of measurement.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    An instrument for measuring the dimensions, capacity, or amount of something.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    A means of estimating or evaluating; a test.
                  
                
                  
                    noun. 
                    The position of a vessel in relation to another vessel and the wind.
                  
                
                  
                    transitive verb. 
                    To measure the dimensions, capacity, proportions, or amount of (something), especially by means of a gauge.
                  
                
                  
                    transitive verb. 
                    To evaluate or estimate.
                  
                
                  
                    transitive verb. 
                    To adapt or make conform to a specified standard.
                  
                
                  
                    transitive verb. 
                    To chip or rub (bricks or stones) to size.
                  
                
                  
                    adjective. 
                    Of or relating to a gauge.
                  
                
                  
                    adjective. 
                    Invariant under a local transformation.